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Ceramic and Pottery Defects 10: The Pottery and Whitewares Defect Table by John Ph.D.
After writing the series Ceramic and Pottery Defects I decided to prepare a table of pottery and whitewares defects to help ceramic engineers, ceramist, and potters, resolve defect problems. Using the ten (10) articles in the series along with the article Ceramics: Notes on Glaze Formulation and Firing in conjunction with the table can help solve ceramic and whitewares problems.
Defects can originate in raw materials and not show up until the final decorating firing. That is one reason That defects can be so costly. An example is manganese dioxide which may cause bubbles and blisters in decorating fires if the bisk firing temperature was too low to completely decompose the manganese dioxide. What may not cause a problem in bone china production may cause a problem in fine china production if the bisk fire is at a lower temperature.
Another example is defects generated in handling or making. They don't show up until after drying or firing. Clay has a memory and is not very forgiving. Handling can generate warpage and cracks.
Major sources of contamination may be railroad cars, barges, ships, and port storage areas. Sea water sometimes contaminates clay. The filtration water from filter pressing can be tested for chlorine with silver nitrate precipitating silver chloride. Common contaminants are ferro silicon, taconite, soy beans, salt, dirt, fibers, wood, paper, etc.
It is very important to keep kiln cars decks, setters, saggers, and firing props clean and in good condition. Setter and batt washes can prevent sticking during firing.
Plant conditions can contribute to defects, even the birds in the rafters of the factory. Factory areas should be kept clean best by vacuuming.
Sometimes defects are generated by processing by suppliers. For example, the particle size distribution may change in a raw material raising havoc in the customer's factory. For that reason, manufacturers must be in constant contact with their suppliers.
Defects generated after decorating or in the field are particularly troubling. Moisture expansion of the body can craze the glaze. Failure by thermal shock in the field can be dangerous and bring complaints and lawsuits. In plant testing is very important.
Statistical Process Control (STP) can help factory workers to avoid many defect-generating situations.
The title of the table is Table of Pottery and Whitewares Defects. The Table is FREE.
To obtain the table go to http://www.ceramicdefects.com
For those of you just trying to fix a broken teapot or vase go to my site http://www.brokenceramic.com There you will find that a little Duco® cement can put your pot back together just like Humpty Dumpty.
John T. Jones, Ph.D. (tjbooks@hotmail.com, a retired VP of R&D for Lenox China, is author of detective & western novels, nonfiction (business, scientific, engineering, humor), poetry, etc. He coauthored Ceramics: Industrial Processing and Testing. Former editor of Ceramic Industry Magazine. He is Executive Representative of IWS sellers of Tyler Hicks wealth-success books and kits. He also sells TopFlight flagpoles. He calls himself "Taylor Jones, the hack writer in some ezinemagazine.com articles."
More info: http://www.tjbooks.com
About the Author
More info: http://www.tjbooks.com
Business web site: http://www.ceramicdefects.com
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